Bone Marrow Transplantation is a procedure to replace bone marrow with deficient function, which could be caused by the aggressive chemotherapy and/or radiation treatment for cancer or other condition, by neoplastic process per se, or by variety of hematological and immunological diseases, with healthy bone marrow cells. Transplantation may be autologous (an individual's own cells harvested prior to treatment), allogeneic (cells from another person), or syngeneic (cells donated by an identical twin).