[TA] the branches of the renal artery that supply the anatomic segments of kidney. Usually five in number, they are end arteries and give off interlobar, arcuate, and interlobular arteries in sequence. The latter send afferent arterioles to the glomeruli as well as branches to the kidney capsule. The segmental arteries of the kidney are identified as: 1) anterior inferior (arteriae segmenti anterioris inferioris renalis [TA]); 2) anterior superior (arteriae segmenti anterioris superioris renalis [TA]); 3) inferior (arteriae segmenti inferioris renalis [TA]); 4) posterior (arteriae segmenti posterioris renalis [TA]); and 5) superior (arteriae segmenti superioris renalis [TA]). SYN: arteriae renis, arteries of kidney.